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A resistive load bank, therefore, removes energy from the complete system: load bank from generator—generator from prime mover—prime mover from fuel. Additional energy is removed as a consequence of resistive load bank operation: waste heat from coolant, exhaust and generator losses and energy consumed by accessory devices.
A load bank may be used to stabilize a power system in case of loss of load, for example, on an isolated wind or mini-hydro plant. An electronic load (or e-load) is a device or assembly that simulates loading on an electronic circuit. It is used as substitute for a conventional ohmic load resistor.
Railways commonly used salt water load banks in the 1950s to test the output power of diesel-electric locomotives. [3] They were subsequently replaced by specially designed resistive load banks. Some early three-phase AC electric locomotives also used liquid rheostats for starting up the motors and balancing load between multiple locomotives. [4]
For example, in order to match an inductive load into a real impedance, a capacitor needs to be used. If the load impedance becomes capacitive, the matching element must be replaced by an inductor. In many cases, there is a need to use the same circuit to match a broad range of load impedance and thus simplify the circuit design.
Any electrical load that contains a substantial component of metallic resistive heating elements, such as an electric kiln or a bank of tungsten-filament incandescent bulbs, will draw a high current until the metallic element reaches operating temperature. For example, wall switches intended to control incandescent lamps will have a "T" rating ...
If the load also absorbs reactive power, capacitor bank must be increased in size to compensate. Prime mover speed should be used to generate frequency of 60 Hz: Typically, slip should be similar to full-load value when machine is running as motor, but negative (generator operation): if Ns = 1800, one can choose N=Ns+40 rpm
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