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The Treaty of Warsaw (German: Warschauer Vertrag, Polish: Traktat warszawski) was a treaty between the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the People's Republic of Poland. It was signed by Chancellor Willy Brandt and Prime Minister Józef Cyrankiewicz at the Presidential Palace on 7 December 1970, and it was ratified by the West ...
Warsaw traces its origins to a small fishing town in Masovia. The city rose to prominence in the late 16th century, when Sigismund III decided to move the Polish capital and his royal court from Kraków. Warsaw served as the de facto capital of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1795, and subsequently as the seat of Napoleon's Duchy of ...
During the German suppression of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944, around 70 to 80% of libraries were carefully burned by the Brandkommandos (burning detachments), whose mission was to burn Warsaw. [13] In October 1944 the Załuski Library , the oldest public library in Poland and one of the oldest and most important libraries in Europe (established ...
Plaque in Warsaw commemorating Brandt's action. Kniefall von Warschau (lit. ' Warsaw kneeling ' or ' Warsaw kneel '), also referred to as Warschauer Kniefall, refers to West German Chancellor Willy Brandt's gesture of genuflection before a memorial to the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising during a state visit to Poland in 1970. [1]
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The largest executions occurred in the so-called inter-wall area (Wąski Dunaj Street ), where between 70 [10] and 100 people, [11] mainly wounded insurgents, were shot. Their bodies were burned, and when Warsaw residents returned to the Old Town in January 1945, they discovered a bathtub filled with human ashes on Wąski Dunaj Street. [12]
1 November – Polish Deputy Foreign Minister Zygfryd Wolniak and three other people are killed in an attack on a group of diplomats at Karachi airport in Pakistan.; 7 December – While visiting Warsaw, German Chancellor Willy Brandt goes down on his knees in front of a monument to the victims of the Warsaw Ghetto, which will become known as the Kniefall von Warschau ("Warsaw Genuflection").
Ruined Warsaw in January 1945. As the German army retreated during the later stages of the Second World War, many of the urban areas of what is now Poland were severely damaged as a result of military action between the retreating forces of the German Wehrmacht and advancing ones of the Soviet Red Army. Other cities were deliberately destroyed ...