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It may consist of topical corticosteroids and oral antihistamines for cutaneous symptoms such as hives and itching. [6] Mild cutaneous reactions can be managed with antihistamines only. [6] However, antihistamines cannot antagonize activated histamine that has already been released from mast cells. [7]
Hives, or urticaria, is a form of skin rash with red, raised, itchy bumps. [1] They may also burn or sting. [2] Hives can appear anywhere on the surface of the skin. Whether the trigger is allergic or not, a complex release of inflammatory mediators, including histamine from cutaneous mast cells, results in fluid leakage from superficial blood ...
Famotidine, sold under the brand name Pepcid among others, is a histamine H 2 receptor antagonist medication that decreases stomach acid production. [4] It is used to treat peptic ulcer disease , gastroesophageal reflux disease , and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome . [ 4 ]
Aside from these ambient allergens, allergic reactions can result from foods, insect stings, and reactions to medications like aspirin and antibiotics such as penicillin. Symptoms of food allergy include abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting, diarrhea, itchy skin, and hives. Food allergies rarely cause respiratory (asthmatic) reactions, or ...
Diagnosis of urticaria pigmentosa (cutaneous mastocytosis, see above) can often be done by seeing the characteristic lesions that are dark brown and fixed. A small skin sample may help confirm the diagnosis. [citation needed] In case of suspicion of systemic disease the level of serum tryptase in the blood can be of help.
It is also important to rule out systemic diseases that can cause hives, such as vasculitis (urticarial vasculitis), Schnitzler's syndrome, Gleich's syndrome, or thyroid disease. [32] The specific symptoms, triggers, and results of skin and blood tests can help differentiate autoimmune urticaria from these other conditions.
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Symptoms are thought to be the result of histamine being released by mast cells on the surface of the skin. Despite the lack of antigens , histamine causes the skin to swell in affected areas. If the membrane that surrounds the mast cells is too weak, it will easily and rapidly break down under physical pressure, which then causes an allergic ...