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Orthopedic casts or just casts are a form of medical treatment used to immobilize and support bones and soft tissues during the healing process after fractures, surgeries, or severe injuries. By restricting movement, casts provide stability to the affected area, enabling proper alignment and healing of bones, ligaments, and tendons.
Some fractures, however, cannot be held in a satisfactory position by this method, and require some additional form of fixation. This is the usual situation with all displaced fractures of the first metacarpal and of the proximal phalanges of the hand, and of about two thirds of fractures of the distal end of the radius. Percutaneous pinning is ...
Spinal precautions, also known as spinal immobilization and spinal motion restriction, are efforts to prevent movement of the bones of the spine in those with a risk of a spine injury. [1] This is done as an effort to prevent injury to the spinal cord [ 1 ] in unstable spinal fractures . [ 2 ]
External fixation is a surgical treatment wherein Kirschner pins and wires are inserted and affixed into bone and then exit the body to be attached to an external apparatus composed of rings and threaded rods — the Ilizarov apparatus, the Taylor Spatial Frame, and the Octopod External Fixator — which immobilises the damaged limb to facilitate healing. [1]
Tension band wiring is a technique in which the bone fragments are transfixed by K-wires which are then also used as an anchor for a loop of flexible wire. As the loop is tightened the bone fragments are compressed together. Fractures of the kneecap and the olecranon process of the elbow are commonly treated by this method.
The goal of immobilization is to effectively splint the spine in order to prevent movement and additional damage to the vertebral column and spinal cord. [2] [3] Immobilization equipment. A long backboard, also called a long spine board (LSB), is a reinforced, firm surface with several hand and strap holes along its lateral edges. [4]
Traction procedures have largely been replaced by more modern techniques, [example needed] but certain approaches are still used today: Milwaukee brace; Bryant's traction; Buck's traction, involving skin traction. It is widely used for femoral fractures, low back pain, acetabular fractures and hip fractures. [2]
Immobilization is a method of treatment to place the injured joint in a sling or in another immobilizing device in order to keep the joint stable. [29] There is no significant difference in healing or long-term joint mobility between simple shoulder dislocations treated conservatively versus surgically. [ 30 ]