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In neuroanatomy, a nucleus (pl.: nuclei) is a cluster of neurons in the central nervous system, [1] located deep within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem. [2] The neurons in one nucleus usually have roughly similar connections and functions. [ 3 ]
The gracile nucleus is medial to the cuneate nucleus. [5] Its neurons receive afferent input from dorsal root ganglia sensory neurons of the lower torso and the lower limbs . [ 5 ] The gracile nucleus and gracile fasciculus carry epicritic , kinesthetic , and conscious proprioceptive information from the lower part of the body (below the level ...
HVC is located in the caudal nidopallium.It projects to the song motor pathway via the robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA) and to the Anterior Forebrain Pathway via the basal ganglia nucleus Area X. [1] It receives recurrent motor activity through the thalamic nucleus Uvaformis (Uva) and input from the auditory system through projections from the caudalateral mesopallium (CMM) and through ...
The median raphe nucleus (MRN), also known as the superior central nucleus, is a nucleus in the brainstem composed of polygonal, fusiform, and piriform neurons, which exists rostral to the pontine raphe nucleus. The median raphe nucleus is one of several raphe nuclei that lies on the brainstem midline. It is one of two nuclei that are situated ...
When administered, larger doses of ghrelin act centrally on the raphe nucleus, hippocampus, and amygdala which causes dramatic increases in food intake, memory retention, and increases in anxiety. The effects of ghrelin are seen on the raphe nucleus as soon as an hour after injection, suggesting rapid changes in the structure of the nucleus.
[1] [3] The neuronal and hormonal activities it generates regulate many different body functions in an approximately 24-hour cycle. The SCN also interacts with many other regions of the brain. It contains several cell types, neurotransmitters and peptides , including vasopressin and vasoactive intestinal peptide .
Because of its function in oral proprioception, lesions of the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus cause effects on feeding. [11] The mesencephalic nucleus can be thought of simply as the "nucleus that keeps your teeth in" by preventing one from biting down hard enough to lose a tooth on foods containing e.g. bone, cherry seeds, apricot stones etc.
The caudal pontine reticular nucleus or nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis is a portion of the reticular formation, composed of gigantocellular neurons. In rabbits and cats it is exclusively giant cells, however in humans there are normally sized cells as well. In rodents, it has been shown to play a role in the acoustic startle response.