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Physical oceanography is the study of physical conditions and physical processes within the ocean, especially the motions and physical properties of ocean waters. Physical oceanography is one of several sub-domains into which oceanography is divided. Others include biological, chemical and geological oceanography.
The region of rapid density change is known as the pycnocline, and it acts as a barrier to vertical water circulation; thus it also affects the vertical distribution of certain chemicals which play a role in the biology of the seas. The sharp gradients in temperature and density also may act as a restriction to vertical movements of animals. [6]
Biological oceanography is the study of how organisms affect and are affected by the physics, chemistry, and geology of the oceanographic system.Biological oceanography may also be referred to as ocean ecology, in which the root word of ecology is Oikos (oικoσ), meaning ‘house’ or ‘habitat’ in Greek.
Oceanography (from Ancient Greek ὠκεανός (ōkeanós) 'ocean' and γραφή (graphḗ) 'writing'), also known as oceanology, sea science, ocean science, and marine science, is the scientific study of the ocean, including its physics, chemistry, biology, and geology.
The subfield dealing with the sea's motion, its forces, and the forces acting upon it is known as physical oceanography. [21] Marine biology (biological oceanography) studies the plants, animals, and other organisms inhabiting marine ecosystems.
Deep sea water column. The (oceanic) water column is a concept used in oceanography to describe the physical (temperature, salinity, light penetration) and chemical (pH, dissolved oxygen, nutrient salts) characteristics of seawater at different depths for a defined geographical point.
It offers an undergraduate course as well and performs many different types of research. Now, the institute has two departments - Biological Oceanography and Physical, Chemical, and Geological Oceanography. The institute has 34 teachers and around 150 general non-teaching workers.
In physical oceanography, the sublittoral zone [or "neritic"? clarification needed] refers to coastal regions with significant tidal flows and energy dissipation, including non-linear flows, internal waves, river outflows and ocean fronts. [citation needed] As in marine biology, this zone typically extends to the edge of the continental shelf.