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Adapting the use of plaster of Paris for use in hospitals, however, took some time. In 1828, doctors in Berlin were treating leg fractures by aligning the bones in a long narrow box, which they filled with moist sand. Substitution of plaster of Paris for the sand was the next logical step.
While working in Haarlem at the military hospital in 1851, Mathijsen first used plaster of Paris as a bandage. [1] Until then a Belgian method was used with starch that took up to a day to dry and harden. [1] Across the street he watched workers repairing cracks in the church with strips of jute dunked in plaster of Paris.
However, plaster of Paris casts take too long to fully dry and limits patient mobility for up to 74 hours — if the patient walks on the cast during this time, the shape will change, and the cast will not protect the foot and wound correctly. [10] Fiberglass casts were introduced in the 1980s or 1990s.
The plaster is not pure plaster of Paris, but rather has additives to improve green strength, dry strength, permeability, and castability.For instance, talc or magnesium oxide are added to prevent cracking and reduce setting time; lime and cement limit expansion during baking; glass fibers increase strength; sand can be used as a filler. [1]
Wax and Plaster of Paris are also used, but only for specialized applications. Sugar pine wood is the most commonly used material for patterns, primarily because it is soft, light, and easy to work. Honduras mahogany was used for more production parts because it is harder and would last longer than pine.
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Plaster is widely used as a support for broken bones; a bandage impregnated with plaster is moistened and then wrapped around the damaged limb, setting into a close-fitting yet easily removed tube, known as an orthopedic cast. Plaster is also used in preparation for radiotherapy when fabricating individualized immobilization shells for patients ...