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Hagia Sophia (Turkish: Ayasofya; Ancient Greek: Ἁγία Σοφία, romanized: Hagía Sophía; Latin: Sancta Sapientia; lit. ' Holy Wisdom '), officially the Hagia Sophia Grand Mosque,(Turkish: Ayasofya-i Kebir Cami-i Şerifi; Greek: Μεγάλο Τζαμί της Αγίας Σοφίας), is a mosque and former church serving as a major cultural and historical site in Istanbul, Turkey.
[note 1] This rite reached its climax in the Typikon of the Great Church (Hagia Sophia) which was used in only two places, its eponymous cathedral and in the Basilica of Saint Demetrios in Thessalonica; in the latter it survived until the Ottoman conquest and most of what is known of it comes from descriptions in the writings of Saint Symeon of ...
Articles relating to the Hagia Sophia, its history, and depictions.The last of three church buildings to be successively erected on the site by the Eastern Roman Empire, it was completed in 537 AD.
[6] In 1931, Whittemore traveled with the institute to Istanbul with the permission of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk to oversee the removal of plaster covering the Byzantine mosaics in Hagia Sophia. Of the radical and sudden transformation of Hagia Sophia from an active mosque to a secular museum in 1931 he wrote: "Santa Sophia was a mosque the day ...
After the capture of the city, the Latin Empire (known to the Byzantines as the Frankokratia, or the Latin occupation [4]) was established and Baldwin of Flanders crowned as Emperor Baldwin I of Constantinople in Hagia Sophia. After the city's sacking, most of the Byzantine Empire's territories were divided up among the Crusaders.
Mehmed himself knocked over and trampled on the altar of the Hagia Sophia. He then ordered a muezzin to ascend the pulpit and sound a prayer. [128] [129] The Hagia Sophia was converted into a mosque, [130] but the Greek Orthodox Church was allowed to remain intact and Gennadius Scholarius was appointed Patriarch of Constantinople.
They built the Spanish (1854) and Iranian (1856) embassies in Istanbul and the Ottoman University, adjacent to the Hagia Sophia. In addition, they built three Italian theaters. One of them was the Naum Theatre, which was built in Galatasaray in 1846, and destroyed by a fire in 1870. In 1858, the Fossati brothers returned to Switzerland.
The statue's base was discovered in 1848 and is now located in the garden of the Hagia Sophia. [7] [8] Following Justinian's rebuilding, the square's main feature was a tall column erected in 543 in the western end of the square to commemorate his victories. It was topped by an equestrian statue of Justinian himself, reusing parts of Theodosius ...