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Lewis structure of a water molecule. Lewis structures – also called Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structures, electron dot structures, or Lewis electron dot structures (LEDs) – are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, as well as the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Lithium nitride is prepared by direct reaction of elemental lithium with nitrogen gas: [2] 6 Li + N 2 → 2 Li 3 N. Instead of burning lithium metal in an atmosphere of nitrogen, a solution of lithium in liquid sodium metal can be treated with N 2. Lithium nitride must be protected from moisture as it reacts violently with water to produce ammonia:
In chemistry, azide (/ ˈ eɪ z aɪ d /, AY-zyd) is a linear, polyatomic anion with the formula N − 3 and structure − N=N + =N −.It is the conjugate base of hydrazoic acid HN 3. Organic azides are organic compounds with the formula RN 3, containing the azide functional group. [1]
More-stable derivatives exist, such as when it acts as a ligand, and it may participate in azido nitration, which is a reaction between sodium azide and ammonium cerium nitrate. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The linear form of N 3 was discovered in 1956 by B. A. Thrush [ 4 ] by photolysis of hydrogen azide . [ 5 ]
Sodium azide is an ionic solid.Two crystalline forms are known, rhombohedral and hexagonal. [1] [6] Both adopt layered structures.The azide anion is very similar in each form, being centrosymmetric with N–N distances of 1.18 Å.
It can be produced by direct reaction of the elements: [3] 3 Ca + N 2 → Ca 3 N 2. It reacts with water or even the moisture in air to give ammonia and calcium hydroxide: [4] Ca 3 N 2 + 6 H 2 O → 3 Ca(OH) 2 + 2 NH 3. Like sodium oxide, calcium nitride absorbs hydrogen above 350 °C: Ca 3 N 2 + 2 H 2 → 2 CaNH + CaH 2
Magnesium nitride reacts with water to produce magnesium hydroxide and ammonia gas, as do many metal nitrides.. Mg 3 N 2 (s) + 6 H 2 O(l) → 3 Mg(OH) 2 (aq) + 2 NH 3 (g). In fact, when magnesium is burned in air, some magnesium nitride is formed in addition to the principal product, magnesium oxide.
Some azide reactions are shown in the following scheme. Probably the most famous is the reaction with phosphines, which leads to iminophosphoranes 22; these can be hydrolysed into primary amines 23 (the Staudinger reaction), [31] react with carbonyl compounds to give imines 24 (the aza-Wittig reaction), [32] [33] [34] or undergo other ...