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The Samaritan Pentateuch, also called the Samaritan Torah (Samaritan Hebrew: ࠕࠦࠅࠓࠡࠄ , Tūrā), is the sacred scripture of the Samaritans. [1] Written in the Samaritan script , it dates back to one of the ancient versions of the Torah that existed during the Second Temple period .
The Samaritan Pentateuch contains some differences from the Masoretic version of the Torah used in Judaism; according to Samaritan tradition, key parts of the Jewish text were fabricated by Ezra. [r] The Samaritan version of the Book of Joshua also differs from the Jewish version, which focuses on Shiloh.
The Torah is also considered a sacred book outside Judaism; in Samaritanism, the Samaritan Pentateuch is a text of the Torah written in the Samaritan script and used as sacred scripture by the Samaritans; the Torah is also common among all the different versions of the Christian Old Testament; in Islam, the Tawrat (Arabic: توراة) is the ...
However, the oral reading tradition of the Samaritan Pentateuch pronounces the description of Moses's wife as "kaashet," which translates to "the beautiful woman." [10] "Cushite woman" becomes Αἰθιόπισσα in the Greek Septuagint (3rd century BCE) [11] and Aethiopissa in the Latin Vulgate Bible version (4th century).
Central to the faith is the Samaritan Pentateuch, which Samaritans believe is the original and unchanged version of the Torah. [ 2 ] Although it developed alongside and is closely related to Judaism , Samaritanism asserts itself as the truly preserved form of the monotheistic faith that the Israelites adopted under Moses .
Another version of the Torah, in the Samaritan alphabet, also exists. This text is associated with Samaritanism and its adherents, the Samaritans ( Hebrew : שומרונים ; Arabic : السامريون ), a people whose emergence as a distinct ethno-religious group began with the Assyrian conquest of Samaria in 722 BC.
The Samaritan Pentateuch varies in the Ten Commandments passages, both in that the Samaritan Deuteronomical version of the passage is much closer to that in Exodus, and in that Samaritans count as nine commandments what others count as ten. The Samaritan tenth commandment is on the sanctity of Mount Gerizim.
In the Samaritan Torah, the phrase "the place that the Lord will choose," found in the Masoretic and Septuagint versions of Deuteronomy, instead says "the place that God has chosen", referencing Mount Gerizim. [71] Samaritans write Mount Gerizim as one word, Hargerizim, a conflation that originated during the Second Temple period. [71]