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THC, the main psychoactive component of cannabis, may only be detectable in saliva and oral fluid for 2–24 hours in most cases. [8] [9] The main metabolite excreted in the urine is 11-Nor-9-carboxy-THC, also known as THC-COOH. Most cannabis drug tests yield a positive result when the concentration of THC-COOH in urine exceeds 50 ng/mL. [10]
The volume of distribution of THC is large and is approximately 10 L/kg (range 4–14 L/kg), which is due to its high lipid solubility. [ 22 ] [ 23 ] [ 33 ] The plasma protein binding of THC and its metabolites is approximately 95 to 99%, with THC bound mainly to lipoproteins and to a lesser extent albumin .
Δ-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-8-THC, [a] Δ 8-THC) is a psychoactive cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant. [1] It is an isomer of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC, Δ 9-THC), the compound commonly known as THC, with which it co-occurs in hemp; natural quantities of ∆ 8-THC found in hemp are low.
A dried cannabis flower. The short-term effects of cannabis are caused by many chemical compounds in the cannabis plant, including 113 [clarification needed] different cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol, and 120 terpenes, [1] which allow its drug to have various psychological and physiological effects on the human body.
11-COOH-THC is a Schedule 8 prohibited substance in Western Australia under the Poisons Standard (July 2016). [15] A schedule 8 substance is a controlled Drug – Substances which should be available for use but require restriction of manufacture, supply, distribution, possession and use to reduce abuse, misuse and physical or psychological dependence.
Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA, 2-COOH-THC; conjugate base tetrahydrocannabinolate) is a precursor of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), an active component of cannabis. [1]THCA is found in variable quantities in fresh, undried cannabis, but is progressively decarboxylated to THC with drying, and especially under intense heating such as when cannabis is smoked or cooked into cannabis edibles.
The Δ 9 isomer of THCP occurs naturally in cannabis, but in small amounts.A 2021 study reported the content of Δ 9-THCP ranging from 0.0023% to 0.0136% (w/w) (approximately 0.02–0.13 mg/g) without correlation to THC percentage in Δ 9-THC-dominant strains of cannabis; that study failed to detect THCP in CBD-dominant strains.
Nabiximols [2] sold under the brand name Sativex, is a specific Cannabis extract that was approved in 2010 as a botanical drug in the United Kingdom. Nabiximols is sold as a mouth spray intended to alleviate neuropathic pain , spasticity , overactive bladder , and other symptoms of multiple sclerosis ; it was developed by the UK company GW ...