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  2. SQL injection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL_injection

    A classification of SQL injection attacking vector as of 2010. In computing, SQL injection is a code injection technique used to attack data-driven applications, in which malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution (e.g. to dump the database contents to the attacker).

  3. Code injection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_injection

    Code injection is the malicious injection or introduction of code into an application. Some web servers have a guestbook script, which accepts small messages from users and typically receives messages such as: Very nice site! However, a malicious person may know of a code injection vulnerability in the guestbook and enter a message such as:

  4. XML external entity attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML_external_entity_attack

    XML External Entity attack, or simply XXE attack, is a type of attack against an application that parses XML input. This attack occurs when XML input containing a reference to an external entity is processed by a weakly configured XML parser.

  5. Padding oracle attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padding_oracle_attack

    In cryptography, a padding oracle attack is an attack which uses the padding validation of a cryptographic message to decrypt the ciphertext. In cryptography, variable-length plaintext messages often have to be padded (expanded) to be compatible with the underlying cryptographic primitive .

  6. Billion laughs attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billion_laughs_attack

    The example attack consists of defining 10 entities, each defined as consisting of 10 of the previous entity, with the document consisting of a single instance of the largest entity, which expands to one billion copies of the first entity.

  7. Prepared statement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepared_statement

    Major DBMSs, including SQLite, [5] MySQL, [6] Oracle, [7] IBM Db2, [8] Microsoft SQL Server [9] and PostgreSQL [10] support prepared statements. Prepared statements are normally executed through a non-SQL binary protocol for efficiency and protection from SQL injection, but with some DBMSs such as MySQL prepared statements are also available using a SQL syntax for debugging purposes.

  8. Rainbow table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_table

    A rainbow table is a precomputed table for caching the outputs of a cryptographic hash function, usually for cracking password hashes.Passwords are typically stored not in plain text form, but as hash values.

  9. Prompt injection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prompt_injection

    Prompt injection is a family of related computer security exploits carried out by getting a machine learning model which was trained to follow human-given instructions (such as an LLM) to follow instructions provided by a malicious user. This stands in contrast to the intended operation of instruction-following systems, wherein the ML model is ...