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The ability of the immune system to recognize molecules that are broadly shared by pathogens is, in part, due to the presence of immune receptors called toll-like receptors (TLRs) that are expressed on the membranes of leukocytes including dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, cells of the adaptive immunity T cells, and B cells, and non-immune cells (epithelial and endothelial ...
TLR6 is a transmembrane protein, member of toll-like receptor family, which belongs to the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family. TLR6 acts in a heterodimer form with toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Its ligands include multiple diacyl lipopeptides derived from gram-positive bacteria and mycoplasma and several
The first function described for TLR4 was the recognition of exogenous molecules from pathogens (PAMPs), in particular LPS molecules from gram-negative bacteria. [13] As pattern recognition receptor, TLR4 plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity which is the first line of defense against invading micro-organisms.
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) also known as CD283 (cluster of differentiation 283) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR3 gene. [5] TLR3 is a member of the toll-like receptor family of pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system .
This NETosis pathway can be initiated through activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs), Fc receptors, and complement receptors with various ligands such as antibodies, PMA, and so on. [12] [15] The current understanding is that upon activation of these receptors, downstream signaling results in the release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum.
Toll-like receptor 2 also known as TLR2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR2 gene. [5] TLR2 has also been designated as CD282 ( cluster of differentiation 282). TLR2 is one of the toll-like receptors and plays a role in the immune system .
Toll-like receptor 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR9 gene. [5] TLR9 has also been designated as CD289 ( cluster of differentiation 289). It is a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family.
7100 53791 Ensembl ENSG00000187554 ENSMUSG00000079164 UniProt O60602 Q9JLF7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003268 NM_016928 RefSeq (protein) NP_003259 NP_058624 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 223.11 – 223.14 Mb Chr 1: 182.78 – 182.8 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Toll-like receptor 5, also known as TLR5, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TLR5 gene. It is a member of the ...