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In Italian phonemic distinction between long and short vowels is rare and limited to a few words and one morphological class, namely the pair composed by the first and third person of the historic past in verbs of the third conjugation—compare sentii (/senˈtiː/, "I felt/heard'), and sentì (/senˈti/, "he felt/heard").
The Italian alphabet has five vowel letters, a e i o u . Of those, only a represents one sound value, while all others have two. In addition, e and i indicate a different pronunciation of a preceding c or g (see below). In stressed syllables, e represents both open /ɛ/ and close /e/.
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Italian on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Italian in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
Italian conjugation is affected by mood, person, tense, number, aspect and occasionally gender. The three classes of verbs (patterns of conjugation) are distinguished by the endings of the infinitive form of the verb:
In French, /t/ is inserted in inverted interrogative phrases between a verb ending in a vowel and a pronoun beginning with a vowel: il a ('he has') > a-t-il ('has he?'). There is no epenthesis from a historical perspective since the a-t is derived from Latin habet ('he has'), and so the t is the original third-person verb inflection.
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This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Central Italian on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Central Italian in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
Substituting baristo for a male barista, when in fact barista is invariable in gender in Italian and Spanish (as are other words ending in the suffix -ista) is a hyperforeignism. In Italian (and Spanish), the gender is indicated by the article; il (el) barista for a male and la barista for a female.