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Food insecurity has a number of negative consequences for Nigeria. [7] It can lead to malnutrition, which can impair physical and mental development. It can also lead to social unrest, as people become desperate for food. There are many consequences of hunger, namely malnutrition, undernutrition, nutritional deficiencies, and child wasting.
The main sources of Africa's 3.6% share of the world's Carbon dioxide emissions are gas flaring in the Niger Delta and coal-fired power plants in South Africa. [23] But, the continent's forests are rapidly disappearing because of desertification and deforestation, which has negative consequences for both Africa and the climate at large. [24]
Indicator 2.1.2: Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the population, based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). [23] Food insecurity is defined by the UN FAO as the "situation when people lack secure access to sufficient amounts of safe and nutritious food for normal growth and development and an active and healthy life."
The Lagos Food Bank Initiative (LFBI) was registered in 2015 and began operations in February 2016. It is the first food bank in Nigeria, established to tackle hunger and malnutrition, reduce food wastage and provide emergency food solutions through its network of food banks nationwide.
The share of participants who said they were food insecure (meaning they had limited access to healthy food due to a lack of money and other resources) dropped from 59% to 48%.
Food insecurity is the opposite of food security: a state where there is only limited or uncertain availability of suitable food. The concept of food security has evolved over time. The four pillars of food security include availability, access, utilization, and stability. [ 4 ]
During the COVID-19 pandemic, food insecurity intensified in many places. In the second quarter of 2020, there were multiple warnings of famine later in the year. [3] [4] In an early report, the Nongovernmental Organization (NGO) Oxfam-International talks about "economic devastation" [5] while the lead-author of the UNU-WIDER report compared COVID-19 to a "poverty tsunami". [6]
Nigeria has some of the worst air quality in the world (ranked 4th globally), with four major cities—Onitsha, Aba, Kaduna, and Umuahia—ranking among the most polluted cities due to particulate matter (PM10). A recent WHO report found Nigeria's annual mean PM2.5 concentration at 72 μg/m 3, well above the recommended limit of 10 μg/m 3. [41]