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The Flag of Batak as a symbol is an implementation of the values of the Batak mythology that states: "The world consists of three worlds, the Upper World (Banua Ginjang) where the Gods live which is resembled by white, the Middle World (Banua Tonga) where mortals live which is resembled by red, and the Lower World (Banua Toru) where the spirits and ghosts live which is resembled by black.
Toba Batak people performing a traditional dance wearing ulos. When Ulos is used by a female, the bottom is called haen, the back is called hoba-hoba, and if it is used as a scarf, it is called ampe-ampe; if used as a head cover, it is called saong; and if used to carry a baby, it is called parompa.
The last Batak king who fought against the Dutch until 1905 was an Indonesian Shaivite king. The Batak may be mentioned in Zhao Rugua's 13th-century Description of the Barbarous Peoples, which refers to a 'Ba-ta' dependency of Srivijaya. The Suma Oriental, of the 15th century, also refers to the kingdom of Bata, bounded by Pasai and the Aru kingdom
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The Angkola (also known as Angkola Batak) people are part of the Batak ethnic group from North Sumatra who live in the South Tapanuli regency. The Angkola language is similar to Mandailing language also with Toba language , but it is sociolinguistically distinct.
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The Batak are one of about 140 indigenous peoples of the Philippines. They are located in the northeastern portions of Palawan , a relatively large island in the southwest of the archipelago. Since ancient times, the Batak have inhabited a series of river valleys along the coastline of what is today Puerto Princesa City .
The Batak people consists of several ethnic groups, each with its own clans, which identifies ancestry and social relationships. The term is derived either from the Sanskrit varga , meaning company, party, or group, or, more likely, [ 1 ] from the Sanskrit marga , meaning 'road, way or path', referring to a people of 'one origin'.