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Conversion of 2,5-dimethylhexyne-2,5-diol to 2,2,5,5-tetramethylte-trahydrofuran-3-one. Mercury sulfate, as well as other mercury(II) compounds, are commonly used as catalysts in oxymercuration-demercuration, a type of electrophilic addition reaction that results in hydration of an unsaturated compound. The hydration of an alkene gives an alcohol.
The Seyferth–Gilbert homologation is a chemical reaction of an aryl ketone 1 (or aldehyde) with dimethyl (diazomethyl)phosphonate 2 and potassium tert-butoxide to give substituted alkynes 3. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Dimethyl (diazomethyl)phosphonate 2 is often called the Seyferth–Gilbert reagent .
The rate equation for S N 2 reactions are bimolecular being first order in Nucleophile and first order in Reagent. The determining factor when both S N 2 and S N 1 reaction mechanisms are viable is the strength of the Nucleophile. Nuclephilicity and basicity are linked and the more nucleophilic a molecule becomes the greater said nucleophile's ...
The decomposition of Hg(SCN) 2 is exothermic on its own, and the CS 2 produced ignites easily and burns off. The C 3 N 4 product is a simplification; the actual product contains 0.5% hydrogen and is likely to consist of sheets of triazine rings linked by −N= and −NH− groups similar to g−C 3 N 4 and was found to contain nano-particles of ...
The reaction mechanism of the Sharpless dihydroxylation begins with the formation of the osmium tetroxide – ligand complex (2). A [3+2]-cycloaddition with the alkene (3) gives the cyclic intermediate 4. [9] [10] Basic hydrolysis liberates the diol (5) and the reduced osmate (6).
The likely reaction mechanism for the Kindler modification. The first stage of the reaction is basic imine formation by the ketone group and the amine group of morpholine to give an enamine . This reacts as a nucleophile with electrophilic sulfur, similar to an Stork enamine alkylation reaction.
The general mechanism is further supported by List by the finding that in a reaction carried out in labeled water (H 2 18 O), the oxygen isotope finds its way into the reaction product. [25] The Hajos and Parrish experiment with a stoechiometric amount of labeled water (H 2 18 O) supported the carbinolamine mechanism. [2]
The Woodward reaction mechanism. To eliminate the need for silver salts, Sudalai and coworkers modified the Prévost-Woodward reaction; the reaction is catalyzed with LiBr, and uses NaIO 4 and PhI(OAc) 2 as oxidants. [23] LiBr reacts with NaIO 4 and acetic acid to produce lithium acetate, which can then proceed through the reaction as ...