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Blood alcohol content (BAC), also called blood alcohol concentration or blood alcohol level, is a measurement of alcohol intoxication used for legal or medical purposes. [1] BAC is expressed as mass of alcohol per volume of blood. In US and many international publications, BAC levels are written as a percentage such as 0.08%, i.e. there is 0.8 ...
The main elements that comprise the human body (including water) can be summarized as CHNOPS. Element Symbol percent mass percent atoms Oxygen O 65.0 24.0 Carbon C 18.5 12.0 Hydrogen H 9.5 62.0 Nitrogen N 2.6 1.1 Calcium Ca 1.3 0.22 Phosphorus P 0.6 0.22 Sulfur S 0.3 0.038 Potassium K 0.2 0.03 Sodium Na 0.2 0.037 Chlorine Cl 0.2 0.024 Magnesium Mg
The low concentration severely limits the rate of intake, which is easily dispatched by human metabolism. Quickly drinking 1.5 L of 0.4% alc/vol beer in an hour resulted in a maximum of 0.0056% BAC in a study of German volunteers. [8] Healthy human kidneys can only excrete 0.8–1.0 L of water per hour, making water intoxication likely to set ...
Diagnosis is usually based on the history of events and physical examination. [6] Verification of events by witnesses may be useful. [6] Legally, alcohol intoxication is often defined as a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of greater than 5.4–17.4 mmol/L (25–80 mg/dL or 0.025–0.080%). [13] [14] This can be measured by blood or breath ...
[6] [7] A mild flushing reaction occurs when the body metabolizes alcohol more quickly into acetaldehyde, a toxic metabolite. [5] [8] A more severe flushing reaction occurs when the body metabolizes the acetaldehyde more slowly, generally due to an inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme. Both of those conditions—faster conversion of alcohol ...
A study that did not prevent respiratory uptake found that applying 200 mL of hand disinfectant containing 95% w/w ethanol (150 g ethanol total) over the course of 80 minutes in a 3-minutes-on 5-minutes-off pattern resulted in the median BAC among volunteers peaking 30 minutes after the last application at 17.5 mg/L (0.00175%).
From cold and flu to stress to post-workout muscle soreness, there are a bevy of things that can cause your body aches. Here's how to spot each one—and what you can do to make the pain go away ...
A breath test measures the alcohol concentration in the body by a deep-lung breath. There are different instruments used for measuring the alcohol content of an individual though their breath. Breathalyzer is a widely known instrument which was developed in 1954 and contained chemicals unlike other breath-testing instruments. [ 31 ]