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The kidney of the frog is an opisthonephros. The kidneys are seen as two elongated, red organs in this image. The opisthonephros is the functional adult kidney in lampreys (cyclostomes), most fishes, and amphibians. [1] It is formed from the extended mesonephros along with tubules from the posterior nephric ridge. [2]
The mesonephros acts as a structure similar to the kidney that, in humans, functions between the sixth and tenth weeks of embryological life. Despite the similarity in structure, function, and terminology, however, the mesonephric nephrons do not form any part of the mature kidney or nephrons.
Frogs produce large quantities of dilute urine in order to flush out toxic products from the kidney ... The main function of calling is for male frogs to attract ...
Nephrology is the medical specialty which addresses diseases of kidney function: these include CKD, nephritic and nephrotic syndromes, acute kidney injury, and pyelonephritis. Urology addresses diseases of kidney (and urinary tract) anatomy : these include cancer , renal cysts , kidney stones and ureteral stones , and urinary tract obstruction .
Renal physiology (Latin renes, "kidneys") is the study of the physiology of the kidney. This encompasses all functions of the kidney, including maintenance of acid-base balance; regulation of fluid balance; regulation of sodium, potassium, and other electrolytes; clearance of toxins; absorption of glucose, amino acids, and other small molecules ...
Pronephros is the most basic of the three excretory organs that develop in vertebrates, corresponding to the first stage of kidney development. It is succeeded by the mesonephros, which in fish and amphibians remains as the adult kidney. In amniotes, the mesonephros is the embryonic kidney and a more complex metanephros acts as the adult kidney ...
The kidney takes a key role in maintenance of the constant internal environment. The relative ionic composition of the extracellular fluid is similar between marine fish and all subsequent species. Therefore, it can be said that the kidneys made it possible to preserve approximately the same composition of extracellular fluid in vertebrates as ...
The development of the kidney proceeds through a series of successive phases, each marked by the development of a more advanced kidney: the archinephros, pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros. [1] The pronephros is the most immature form of kidney, while the metanephros is most developed. The metanephros persists as the definitive adult kidney.