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These circuits are often used in robotics and other applications to allow DC motors to run forwards or backwards. [1] The name is derived from its common schematic diagram representation, with four switching elements configured as the branches of a letter "H" and the load connected as the cross-bar.
The first Arduino board based on an ARM processor. Features 2 channel 12-bit DAC, 84 MHz clock frequency, 32-bit architecture, 512 KB flash and 96 KB SRAM. Unlike most Arduino boards, it operates on 3.3 V and is not 5 V tolerant. Arduino Yún [21] ATmega32U4, [22] Atheros AR9331 16 MHz, 400 MHz Arduino 68.6 mm × 53.3 mm [ 2.7 in × 2.1 in ]
If no such path exists, the output is false (0), and the "coil" by analogy to electromechanical relays is considered "de-energized". This analogy between logical propositions and relay contact status was established by Claude Shannon. Ladder logic has contacts that make or break circuits to control coils.
A reference designator unambiguously identifies the location of a component within an electrical schematic or on a printed circuit board.The reference designator usually consists of one or two letters followed by a number, e.g. C3, D1, R4, U15.
The schematic diagrams for relay logic circuits are often called line diagrams, because the inputs and outputs are essentially drawn in a series of lines. A relay logic circuit is an electrical network consisting of lines, or rungs, in which each line or rung must have continuity to enable the output device. A typical circuit consists of a ...
The open collector transistor can be rated to withstand a higher voltage than the chip supply voltage. This technique is commonly used by logic circuits operating at 5 V or lower to drive higher voltage devices such as electric motors, LEDs in series, [8] 12 V relays, 50 V vacuum fluorescent displays, or Nixie tubes requiring more than 100 V.