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The 1990–1998 Indonesian military operations in Aceh, also known as Operation Red Net (Indonesian: Operasi Jaring Merah) or Military Operation Area (Indonesian: Daerah Operasi Militer/DOM) was launched in early 1990 until 22 August 1998, against the separatist movement of Free Aceh Movement (GAM) in Aceh.
Overseas Acehnese are people of Acehnese birth or descent who live outside the province of Aceh.Acehnese community can be found most significant in Malaysia. [1] [2] There are also Acehnese community significantly in Scandinavian countries [3] (Denmark, Norway and Sweden), United States, [4] Canada, and Australia.
Due to conflict after the Dutch invasion of Aceh, followed by Martial Law in Aceh during the attempt to break away from Indonesia, and the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, many Acehnese fled abroad. The most significant number of Acehnese can be found in Malaysia [ 47 ] [ 48 ] and Scandinavian countries, especially Sweden and Norway [ 49 ] countries.
The Aceh War was thus seen as an unlawful act of aggression by the Dutch and the subsequent incorporation of Aceh into Indonesia in 1949 was cast as an extension of the unlawful occupation by the Dutch. [71] This argument targeted at both the Acehnese themselves as well as the international community—i.e. through its appeal to international law.
On 28 April 2003, the Indonesian government issued an ultimatum to end the fighting and accept special autonomy for Aceh within two weeks. Free Aceh Movement (GAM) leaders based in Sweden refused the ultimatum, but the United States, Japan, and the European Union urged both sides to avoid armed conflict and resume peace talks in Tokyo.
Free Aceh Movement Gerakan Aceh Merdeka Flag Coat of arms Province of Aceh in the 1990's Leaders Hasan di Tiro Dates of operation 4 December 1976 – 15 August 2005 Active regions City, mountains and forests of Aceh Ideology Acehnese nationalism Islamic fundamentalism Allies Libya Opponents Indonesia (until 2005) Battles and wars Insurgency in Aceh The Free Aceh Movement was a separatist group ...
The objective of the AMM was to assist the GoI and the GAM in the implementation of the MoU. The AMM did not take on a negotiation role. It was agreed that should this be needed during the implementation process, it would be the responsibility of the two parties and the original facilitator (i.e. the chairman of the Crisis Management Initiative (CMI)).
Anthony Reid FBA, FRHistS (born 19 June 1939) is a New Zealand-born historian of Southeast Asia.His doctoral work at Cambridge University examined the contest for power in northern Sumatra, Indonesia in the late 19th century, and he extended this study into a book The Blood of the People on the national and social revolutions in that region 1945–49.