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Ceftriaxone, sold under the brand name Rocephin, is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. [4] These include middle ear infections, endocarditis, meningitis, pneumonia, bone and joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, skin infections, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, and pelvic inflammatory disease. [4]
Cefuroxime axetil, sold under the brand name Ceftin among others, is a second generation oral cephalosporin antibiotic.. It is an acetoxyethyl ester prodrug of cefuroxime which is effective orally. [2]
/ ˌ s ɛ f ə l ə ˈ s p ɔːr ɪ n, ˌ k ɛ-,-l oʊ-/ [1] [2]) are a class of β-lactam antibiotics originally derived from the fungus Acremonium, which was previously known as Cephalosporium. [3] Together with cephamycins, they constitute a subgroup of β-lactam antibiotics called cephems. Cephalosporins were discovered in 1945, and first ...
These infections include otitis media, strep throat, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, and Lyme disease. [5] For gonorrhea typically only one dose is required. [6] In the United States it is a second-line treatment to ceftriaxone for gonorrhea. [5] It is taken by mouth. [5] Common side effects include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and ...
If the infection is of bacterial origin, the most common three causative agents are Streptococcus pneumoniae (38%), Haemophilus influenzae (36%), and Moraxella catarrhalis (16%). [38] [39] Until recently, H. influenzae was the most common bacterial agent to cause sinus infections.
Viruses that cause respiratory infections are affected by environmental conditions like relative humidity and temperature. Temperate climate winters have lower relative humidity, which is known to increase the transmission of influenza. [29] Of the viruses that cause respiratory infections in humans, most have seasonal variation in prevalence.
Nasal irrigation and removal of crusts using alkaline nasal solutions. 25% glucose in glycerine can be applied to the nasal mucosa to inhibit the growth of proteolytic organisms which produce foul smell. Local antibiotics, such as Chloromycetin. Vitamin D 2. Estradiol spray for regeneration of seromucinous glands and vascularization of mucosa.
Progression of the infection from pneumonitis into necrotizing pneumonia and pulmonary abscess can occur, with or without the development of empyema. [22] [23] The infection is often polymicrobial in nature and isolates of community-acquired infection (in 60–80% of cases) are aerobic and anaerobic belonging to the individual's oropharyngeal ...