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A variable-sweep wing, colloquially known as a "swing wing", is an airplane wing, or set of wings, that may be modified during flight, swept back and then returned to its previous straight position. Because it allows the aircraft's shape to be changed, it is a feature of a variable-geometry aircraft.
A composite photograph showing the Bell X-5’s variable-sweep wing. The Bell X-5 was the first aircraft capable of changing the sweep of its wings in flight. It was inspired by the untested wartime P.1101 design of the German Messerschmitt company. In a further development of the German design, which could only have its wing sweepback angle ...
The first variable-sweep aircraft from Dassault emerged as the single-engined, two-seat Mirage G fighter in 1967, essentially a swing wing version of the Mirage F2.The wings were swept at 22 degrees when fully forward and 70 degrees when fully aft and featured full-span double-slotted trailing edge flaps and two-position leading edge flaps.
After the war, in the 1940s and 1950s, Baynes was busy with research in the area of variable-sweep supersonic aircraft. In 1949 he applied for a patent on his design for a supersonic variable-sweep wing and tail fighter. [6] The design was built and wind tunnel test were completed successfully.
The wing sweep varies between 16 degrees and 72.5 degrees (full forward to full sweep). [27] The airframe consisted mostly of aluminum alloys with steel, titanium and other materials also used. [28] The fuselage is a semi-monocoque structure with stiffened panels and honeycomb sandwich panels for skin.
Developed in the 1960s by General Dynamics under Robert McNamara's TFX Program, the F-111 pioneered variable-sweep wings, afterburning turbofan engines, and automated terrain-following radar for low-level, high-speed flight. Its design influenced later variable-sweep wing aircraft, and some of its advanced features have become commonplace.
The Sukhoi Su-17 (izdeliye S-32; NATO reporting name: Fitter) is a variable-sweep wing fighter-bomber developed for the Soviet military. Developed from the Sukhoi Su-7, the Su-17 was the first variable-sweep wing aircraft to enter Soviet service and featured updated avionics.
The term variable-geometry wing is often used synonymously with variable-sweep, though strictly speaking it is a type of variable geometry. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Variable-sweep wing aircraft .