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Dressage (/ ˈ d r ɛ s ɑː ʒ / or / d r ɪ ˈ s ɑː ʒ /; French:, most commonly translated as "training") is a form of horse riding performed in exhibition and competition, as well as an art sometimes pursued solely for the sake of mastery.
The piaffe (French pronunciation:) is a dressage movement where the horse is in a highly collected and cadenced trot, in place or nearly in place. [1] The center of gravity of the horse should be more towards the hind end, with the hindquarters slightly lowered and great bending of the joints in the hind legs. The front end of the horse is ...
Classical dressage evolved from cavalry movements and training for the battlefield, and has since developed into the competitive dressage seen today. Classical riding is the art of riding in harmony with, rather than against, the horse.
Dressage ("training" in French) involves the progressive training of the horse to a high level of impulsion, collection and obedience. [11] Competitive dressage has the goal of showing the horse carrying out, on request, the natural movements that it performs without thinking while running loose.
François Robichon de La Guérinière, the "father of French equitation". The history of French equestrianism is almost exclusively "military and learned". [1] Although very basic until the 7th century, particularly among the Gauls and Romans, equestrianism flourished with the arrival of the stirrup and more suitable saddles in the society of knights.
François Baucher (1796–1873) was a French riding master whose methods are still debated by dressage enthusiasts today. His philosophy of training the horse changed dramatically over the course of his career and is often considered in two distinct phases or "manners."
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James Fillis (17 December 1834 – 3 May 1913) was a British-born French horseman and riding master. He had a profound influence on the development of the haute école of dressage in both France and Russia. [3] He travelled widely in Europe, and lived for about twelve years in Russia.