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The Arabic alphabet, [a] or the Arabic abjad, is the Arabic script as specifically codified for writing the Arabic language. It is written from right-to-left in a cursive style, and includes 28 letters, [b] of which most have contextual letterforms. Unlike the modern Latin alphabet, the script has no concept of letter case.
The name abjad is based on the Arabic alphabet's first (in its original order) four letters — corresponding to a, b, j, and d — to replace the more common terms "consonantary" and "consonantal alphabet" in describing the family of scripts classified as "West Semitic".
Gimel is the third (in alphabetical order; fifth in spelling order) letter of the Semitic abjads, including Arabic ǧīm ج , Aramaic gāmal 𐡂, Hebrew gīmel ג , Phoenician gīml 𐤂, and Syriac gāmal ܓ. Its sound value in the original Phoenician and in all derived alphabets, except Arabic, is a voiced velar plosive .
Waw (wāw "hook") is the sixth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Arabic wāw و , Aramaic waw 𐡅, Hebrew vav ו , Phoenician wāw 𐤅, and Syriac waw ܘ.. It represents the consonant [] in classical Hebrew, and [] in modern Hebrew, as well as the vowels [] and [].
Ayin (also ayn or ain; transliterated ʿ ) is the sixteenth letter of the Semitic scripts, including Arabic ʿayn ع , Aramaic ʿē 𐡏, Hebrew ʿayin ע , Phoenician ʿayin 𐤏, and Syriac ʿē ܥ (where it is sixteenth in abjadi order only).
English approximation Arabic letter/symbol Usual romanization Letter name A–B a [a] cat in British English, only approx. in American English, could also be realised as [æ] َ a, á, e فَتْحَة (fatḥah) aː [b] not exact, longer far, could also be realised as [æː] ـَا (ى at word end) ā, â, aa, a أَلِف (ʾalif)
The word arrived in English from India in the 2nd half of the 18th century meaning hookah. [32] The Indian word was from Persian, and the Persian was from Arabic, but the Arabic source-word did not mean hookah, although the word re-entered Arabic later on meaning hookah. [33] hummus (food recipe) حمّص himmas, [ħumːmsˤ] (listen ...
Berber languages have often been written in an adaptation of the Arabic alphabet. The use of the Arabic alphabet, as well as the competing Latin and Tifinagh scripts, has political connotations; Tuareg language, (sometimes called Tamasheq) which is also a Berber language; Coptic language of Egyptians as Coptic text written in Arabic letters [25]