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Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, [17] is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. [18] Australia has a total area of 7,688,287 km 2 (2,968,464 sq mi), making it the sixth-largest country in the world and the largest in Oceania .
The following table shows Australia's population by country of birth as estimated by the Australian Bureau of Statistics in 2023. It shows only countries or regions or birth with a population of over 100,000 residing in Australia.
The Census in Australia, officially the Census of Population and Housing, is the national census in Australia that occurs every five years. [1] The census collects key demographic, social and economic data from all people in Australia on census night, including overseas visitors and residents of Australian external territories, only excluding foreign diplomats. [2]
The first colonial censuses were conducted in New South Wales in 1828; in Tasmania in 1841; South Australia in 1844; Western Australia in 1848; and Victoria in 1854. [8] Each colony continued to collect statistics separately despite attempts to coordinate collections through an annual Conference of Statisticians.
Australia is the world's largest producer of wool. [48] The Australian wool industry was worth $3.6 billion in 2022. [49] The total number of sheep is estimated to be 75 million. [48] In the late 1980s, the sheep flock was 180 million. [50] Only 5% of Australia's wool clip is processed onshore. [49]
The 2021 Australian census, simply called the 2021 Census, was the eighteenth national Census of Population and Housing in Australia. The 2021 Census took place on 10 August 2021, and was conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). [1] [2] It had a response rate of 96.1%, up from the 95.1% at the 2016 census. [3]
Crime statistics are collected on a state basis and then collated and further analysed by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Between 2008–09 and 2017–18, the national victimisation rate decreased for personal crime in all categories except sexual assault, and also all household crimes selected in the national statistics.
Australia's economy is strongly intertwined with the countries of East and Southeast Asia, also known as ASEAN Plus Three (APT), accounting for about 64% of exports in 2016. [46] China in particular is Australia's main export and import partner by a wide margin. [47] Australia is a member of the APEC, G20, OECD and WTO.