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Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) are a group of kidney disorders that present with kidney damage due to nephrotoxic monoclonal immunoglobulins (M proteins) secreted by clonal plasma cells or B cells. By definition, people with MGRS do not meet criteria for multiple myeloma or other hematologic malignancies. [1]
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance; Other names: Benign monoclonal gammopathy, monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance, monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance, [1] unknown or uncertain may be substituted for undetermined: Schematic representation of a normal protein electrophoresis gel. A small spike would be present ...
Monoclonal gammopathy, also known as paraproteinemia, is the presence of excessive amounts of myeloma protein or monoclonal gamma globulin in the blood. It is usually due to an underlying immunoproliferative disorder or hematologic neoplasms, especially multiple myeloma. It is sometimes considered equivalent to plasma cell dyscrasia.
Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance or MGRS designates any MGUS disorder that has a clinically significant impact on renal function. MGRS can be caused by the deposition of a monoclonal immunoglobulin in, and consequent injury to, the kidneys.
These diseases include monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, smoldering multiple myeloma, multiple myeloma and Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. Almost 29% of monoclonal gammopathy patients may have MIDD. [5] In MIDD, these abnormal immunoglobulins, or fragments of them, are deposited along the basement membrane of the kidney.
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The most common indications for a serum protein electrophoresis test are to diagnose or monitor multiple myeloma, a monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS), or further investigate a discrepancy between a low albumin and a relatively high total protein.
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