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Tule fog is a radiation fog, which condenses when there is a high relative humidity (typically after a heavy rain), calm winds, and rapid cooling during the night. The nights are longer in the winter months, which allows an extended period of ground cooling, and thereby a pronounced temperature inversion at a low altitude.
Clouds and potentially fog can form within a marine layer when the water-saturated air is cooled and reaches a humidity of 100%, where it will then condense and turn into water droplets. [3] Stratus and stratocumulus can form at the top of a marine layer in the presence of these conditions. A marine layer can often be dispersed by sufficiently ...
Dissolved salt does not evaporate back into the atmosphere like water, but it does form sea salt aerosols in sea spray. Many physical processes over ocean surface generate sea salt aerosols. One common cause is the bursting of air bubbles , which are entrained by the wind stress during the whitecap formation.
When the marine layer encounters the colder waters along the California coast, it cools to its dew point, and if small particles called condensation nuclei are present, liquid water drops will form. Condensation nuclei in coastal fog are primarily composed of salt from surf and spray, with lesser amounts of iodine from kelp. [5]
The ocean plays a key role in the water cycle as it is the source of 86% of global evaporation. [2] The water cycle involves the exchange of energy, which leads to temperature changes. When water evaporates, it takes up energy from its surroundings and cools the environment. When it condenses, it releases energy and warms the environment.
Such low-visibility conditions are known in the San Joaquin Valley as tule fog, which covers the ground in a heavy, rising mist after rain saturates the soil. KGET said the fog can linger as high ...
The water vapor produces the sea smoke fog and is usually misty and smoke-like. [30] Garúa fog near the coast of Chile and Peru [31] occurs when typical fog produced by the sea travels inland but suddenly meets an area of hot air. This causes the water particles of fog to shrink by evaporation, producing a "transparent mist".
In the early 20th century, this phenomenon was sometimes known as the high fog. A long June Gloom season, extending late into the summer, is known as Summer Bummer. The negative effects of a long June Gloom on the coastal California tourism industry is often reported in the local news media. [ 14 ]