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Hepburn romanization (Japanese: ヘボン式ローマ字, Hepburn: Hebon-shiki rōmaji, lit. ' Hepburn-style Roman letters ' ) is the main system of romanization for the Japanese language . The system was originally published in 1867 by American Christian missionary and physician James Curtis Hepburn as the standard in the first edition of his ...
Kunrei-shiki romanization (Japanese: 訓令式ローマ字, Hepburn: Kunrei-shiki rōmaji), also known as the Monbusho system (named after the endonym for the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) or MEXT system, [1] is the Cabinet-ordered romanization system for transcribing the Japanese language into the Latin alphabet.
Hepburn romanization generally follows English phonology with Romance vowels. It is an intuitive method of showing Anglophones the pronunciation of a word in Japanese. It was standardized in the United States as American National Standard System for the Romanization of Japanese (Modified Hepburn), but that status was abolished on October 6 ...
James Curtis Hepburn (/ ˈ h ɛ p b ər n /; March 13, 1815 – September 21, 1911) was an American physician, educator, translator and lay Christian missionary.He is known for the Hepburn romanization system for transliteration of the Japanese language into the Latin alphabet, which he popularized in his Japanese–English dictionary.
Hepburn romanization, a system for the romanization of Japanese; Places ... Hepburn, Saskatchewan, a small farming and college community; United Kingdom
Romanizes double vowels per the standard outlined in Hepburn Romanization. Implemented in Template:Hepburn - Please use this instead of using this directly. It enforces subst for this *very* costly module. Any double vowels will get converted to a long vowel, ou will get converted to ō.
Both are phonemically /tɯ/, reflected in the Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki Romanization tu, although for phonological reasons, the actual pronunciation is ⓘ, reflected in the Hepburn romanization tsu. The small kana っ/ッ, known as sokuon, are identical but somewhat smaller.
The main use of the sokuon is to mark a geminate consonant, [1] which is represented in most romanization systems by the doubling of the consonant, except that Hepburn romanization writes a geminate ch as tch. It denotes the gemination of the initial consonant of the symbol that follows it. Examples: