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The hydrogen chromate ion, HCrO 4 −, is a weak acid: HCrO − 4 ⇌ CrO 2− 4 + H +; pK a ≈ 5.9. It is also in equilibrium with the dichromate ion: 2 HCrO − 4 ⇌ Cr 2 O 2− 7 + H 2 O. This equilibrium does not involve a change in hydrogen ion concentration, which would predict that the equilibrium is independent of pH.
The change in equilibrium is visible by a change from yellow (chromate) to orange (dichromate), such as when an acid is added to a neutral solution of potassium chromate. At yet lower pH values, further condensation to more complex oxyanions of chromium is possible. Both the chromate and dichromate anions are strong oxidizing reagents at low pH ...
Hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms are omitted. Color code: Cr = gray, C= black, H = white, O= red, N = blue. Chromium(VI) oxide peroxide is formed by the addition of acidified hydrogen peroxide solutions to solutions of metal chromates or dichromates, such as sodium chromate or potassium dichromate. The generally yellow chromates or orange ...
The second family of reagents are salts, featuring the pyridinium cation (C 5 H 5 NH +). pyridinium dichromate (PDC) is the pyridium salt of dichromate, [Cr 2 O 7] 2-. pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) is the pyridinium salt of [CrO 3 Cl] −. These salts are less reactive, more easily handled, and more selective than Collins reagent in ...
As pH rises the chromate ion becomes ever more predominant, until it is the only species in solutions with pH > 6.75. At pH < pK 1 the hydrogen chromate ion, HCrO − 4 is predominant in dilute solution. The dichromate ion, Cr 2 O 2− 7, is predominant in more concentrated solutions, except at high pH.
The chromate is converted by sulfuric acid into the dichromate. [65] 4 FeCr 2 O 4 + 8 Na 2 CO 3 + 7 O 2 → 8 Na 2 CrO 4 + 2 Fe 2 O 3 + 8 CO 2 2 Na 2 CrO 4 + H 2 SO 4 → Na 2 Cr 2 O 7 + Na 2 SO 4 + H 2 O. The dichromate is converted to the chromium(III) oxide by reduction with carbon and then reduced in an aluminothermic reaction to chromium ...
Sodium dichromate is the inorganic compound with the formula Na 2 Cr 2 O 7.However, the salt is usually handled as its dihydrate Na 2 Cr 2 O 7 ·2H 2 O.Virtually all chromium ore is processed via conversion to sodium dichromate and virtually all compounds and materials based on chromium are prepared from this salt. [1]
The chromate ion is the predominant species in the region to the right of the green and blue lines. Above pH ~6.75 it is always the predominant species. At pH < 5.89 (pH < pK 1) the hydrogen chromate ion is predominant in dilute solution but the dichromate ion is predominant in more concentrated solutions.