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A mathematical constant is a key number whose value is fixed by an unambiguous definition, often referred to by a symbol (e.g., an alphabet letter), or by mathematicians' names to facilitate using it across multiple mathematical problems. [1]
In mathematics (including combinatorics, linear algebra, and dynamical systems), a linear recurrence with constant coefficients [1]: ch. 17 [2]: ch. 10 (also known as a linear recurrence relation or linear difference equation) sets equal to 0 a polynomial that is linear in the various iterates of a variable—that is, in the values of the elements of a sequence.
A mathematical coincidence often involves an integer, and the surprising feature is the fact that a real number arising in some context is considered by some standard as a "close" approximation to a small integer or to a multiple or power of ten, or more generally, to a rational number with a small denominator.
In mathematics, a recurrence relation is an equation according to which the th term of a sequence of numbers is equal to some combination of the previous terms. Often, only previous terms of the sequence appear in the equation, for a parameter that is independent of ; this number is called the order of the relation.
Coincidences involving the letter E, for example, are relatively likely. So when any two English texts are compared, the coincidence count will be higher than when an English text and a foreign-language text are used. This effect can be subtle. For example, similar languages will have a higher coincidence count than dissimilar languages.
The circumference of a circle with diameter 1 is π.. A mathematical constant is a number whose value is fixed by an unambiguous definition, often referred to by a special symbol (e.g., an alphabet letter), or by mathematicians' names to facilitate using it across multiple mathematical problems. [1]
This formula involves the trace of the Frobenius on the étale cohomology, with compact supports, of ¯ with values in the field of -adic numbers, where is a prime coprime to . If X {\displaystyle X} is smooth and equidimensional , this formula can be rewritten in terms of the arithmetic Frobenius Φ q {\displaystyle \Phi _{q}} , which acts as ...
The relation is: = +. where L is the light yield, S is the scintillation efficiency, dE/dx is the specific energy loss of the particle per path length, k is the probability of quenching, [1] and B is a constant of proportionality linking the local density of ionized molecules at a point along the particle's path to the specific energy loss; [1] "Since k and B appear only as a product, they act ...