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Heka (/ ˈ h ɛ k ə /; Ancient Egyptian: ḥkꜣ(w); [1] Coptic: ϩⲓⲕ hik; [2] also transliterated Hekau) was the deification of magic and medicine [3] in ancient Egypt. The name is the Egyptian word for "magic". According to Egyptian literature (Coffin text, spell 261), Heka existed "before duality had yet come into being.
The crook and flail (heka and nekhakha) were symbols used in ancient Egyptian society. They were originally the attributes of the deity Osiris that became insignia of pharaonic authority. [1] The shepherd's crook stood for kingship and the flail for the fertility of the land. [1]
The word "magic" is normally used to translate the Egyptian term heka, which meant, as James P. Allen puts it, "the ability to make things happen by indirect means". [92] Heka was believed to be a natural phenomenon, the force which was used to create the universe and which the gods employed to work their will. Humans could also use it, and ...
According to ancient Egyptian creation myths, the god Atum created the world out of chaos, utilizing his own magic . [1] Because the earth was created with magic, Egyptians believed that the world was imbued with magic and so was every living thing upon it.
"The most striking feature of [the papyrus] is its image," wrote Korshi Dosoo, a lecturer at the University of Strasbourg in France, who published the papyrus recently in the Journal of Coptic ...
They did this work using a force the Egyptians called heka, a term usually translated as "magic". Heka was a fundamental power that the creator god used to form the world and the gods themselves. [54] The sky goddess Nut swallows the sun, which travels through her body at night to be reborn at dawn.
Ancient Egyptian Eye of Horus amulet. In ancient Egypt (Kemet in the Egyptian language), Magic (personified as the god heka) was an integral part of religion and culture which is known to us through a substantial corpus of texts which are products of the Egyptian tradition.
An ancient Egyptian apotropaic wand shows a procession of protective deities. It was used in birth rituals, perhaps to draw a magic circle around the mother and child. Items and symbols such as crosses, crucifixes, silver bullets, wild roses and garlic were believed to ward off or destroy vampires.