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The Maxim gun is a recoil-operated machine gun invented in 1884 by Hiram Stevens Maxim.It was the first fully automatic machine gun in the world. [15]The Maxim gun has been called "the weapon most associated with imperial conquest" by historian Martin Gilbert, [16] and was heavily used by colonial powers during the "Scramble for Africa".
Sir Hiram Maxim showing his Extra Light gun in Germany in April 1895. Maxim M1895 cavalry gun, complete with a detached tripod carried on the back of a single soldier. With a mass of only 44.5 pounds (20 kg), it was the only complete machine gun at the time that could be carried by one man.
Sir Hiram Stevens Maxim (5 February 1840 – 24 November 1916) was an American-born British inventor best known as the creator of the first automatic machine gun, the Maxim gun. [1] Maxim held patents on numerous mechanical devices such as hair-curling irons, a mousetrap, and steam pumps. Maxim laid claim to inventing the lightbulb. [2] [3]
These weapons were still powered by hand; however, this changed with Hiram Maxim's idea of harnessing recoil energy to power reloading in his Maxim machine gun. Dr. Gatling also experimented with electric-motor-powered models; as discussed above, this externally powered machine reloading has seen use in modern weapons as well.
The Pulyemyot Maksima PM1910 (Russian: Пулемёт Максима образца 1910 года, romanized: Pulemyot Maksima obraztsa 1910 goda, lit. 'Maxim's machine gun Model 1910'), or PM M1910, is a heavy machine gun that was used by the Imperial Russian Army during World War I and the Red Army during the Russian Civil War and World War II.
The MG 08 (Maschinengewehr 08) is a heavy machine gun (HMG) which served as the standard HMG of the Imperial German Army during World War I.It was an adaptation of Hiram Maxim's 1884 Maxim gun design, and was produced in a number of variants during the war.
The Finnish Civil War in 1918 led to Finland becoming an independent democratic republic. The new Finnish army needed a machine gun to distribute to its troops. The most easily accessible machine guns were Russian PM M1910 Maxim machine guns captured during the civil war, [1] but the wheeled mounts the machine guns used were unsuited to Finnish terrain which was mainly forests. [1]
Unlike all the other Finnish Maxims, the Maxim M/32-33 was designed from the outset to be suitable for anti-aircraft use. The new M/32 tripod was designed and issued with extra parts allowing it to be easily converted to an anti-aircraft mount, and accessories for anti-aircraft shooting were included as standard.