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2. ShieldsUP - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shieldsup

   ShieldsUP is an online port scanning service created by Steve Gibson of Gibson Research Corporation.The purpose of the utility is to alert the users of any ports that have been opened through their firewalls or through their NAT routers, which can be used by malicious users to take advantage of security vulnerabilities.

3. List of TCP and UDP port numbers - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port...

   This is a list of TCP and UDP port numbers used by protocols for operation of network applications. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) only need one port for bidirectional traffic. TCP usually uses port numbers that match the services of the corresponding UDP implementations, if they exist, and vice versa.

4. Port scanner - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_scanner

   Most UDP port scanners use this scanning method, and use the absence of a response to infer that a port is open. However, if a port is blocked by a firewall, this method will falsely report that the port is open. If the port unreachable message is blocked, all ports will appear open. This method is also affected by ICMP rate limiting. [4]

5. Nmap - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nmap

   Auditing the security of a device or firewall by identifying the network connections which can be made to, or through it. [14] Identifying open ports on a target host in preparation for auditing. [15] Network inventory, network mapping, maintenance and asset management. [16] Auditing the security of a network by identifying new servers. [17]

6. traceroute - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traceroute

   Traceroute can help identify incorrect routing table definitions or firewalls that may be blocking ICMP traffic, or high port UDP in Unix ping, to a site. [clarify] A correct traceroute response does not guarantee connectivity for applications as a firewall may permit ICMP packets but not permit packets of other protocols.

7. Reverse connection - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_connection

   A reverse connection is usually used to bypass firewall restrictions on open ports. [1] A firewall usually blocks incoming connections on closed ports, but does not block outgoing traffic . In a normal forward connection, a client connects to a server through the server's open port , but in the case of a reverse connection, the client opens the ...