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The periodic table of the chemical elements.The columns represent the groups.Groups 1, 2 and 13 to 18 constitute the main group. Sometimes groups 3 and 12, as well as the lanthanides and actinides (the two rows at the bottom), are also included in the main group.
In the periodic table of the elements, each column is a group. In chemistry, a group (also known as a family) [1] is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table; the 14 f-block columns, between groups 2 and 3, are not numbered.
Elements in the same group tend to show similar chemical characteristics. Vertical, horizontal and diagonal trends characterize the periodic table. Metallic character increases going down a group and from right to left across a period. Nonmetallic character increases going from the bottom left of the periodic table to the top right.
a Group 1 is composed of hydrogen (H) and the alkali metals. Elements of the group have one s-electron in the outer electron shell. Hydrogen is not considered to be an alkali metal as it is not a metal, though it is more analogous to them than any other group. This makes the group somewhat exceptional.
Precious metals – Variously-defined group of non-radioactive metals of high economical value. Superactinides – Hypothetical series of elements 121 to 157, which includes a predicted "g-block" of the periodic table. Transactinide elements – Elements after the actinides (atomic number greater than 103).
Group 12, by modern IUPAC numbering, [1] is a group of chemical elements in the periodic table. It includes zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] and copernicium (Cn). [ 5 ] Formerly this group was named IIB (pronounced as "group two B", as the "II" is a Roman numeral ) by CAS and old IUPAC system.
A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z). [ 1 ] The definitive visualisation of all 118 elements is the periodic table of the elements , whose history along the principles of the periodic law was one of the founding ...
The pnictogens [1] (/ ˈ p n ɪ k t ə dʒ ə n / or / ˈ n ɪ k t ə dʒ ə n /; from Ancient Greek: πνῑ́γω "to choke" and -gen, "generator") are the chemical elements in group 15 of the periodic table. This group is also known as the nitrogen group or nitrogen family.