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  2. Input hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input_hypothesis

    This process is similar to the process that children undergo when learning their native language. Acquisition requires meaningful interaction in the target language, during which the acquirer is focused on meaning rather than form. [6] Learning a language, on the other hand, is a conscious process, much like what one experiences in school.

  3. Language acquisition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_acquisition

    Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language.In other words, it is how human beings gain the ability to be aware of language, to understand it, and to produce and use words and sentences to communicate.

  4. Four stages of competence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_stages_of_competence

    In psychology, the four stages of competence, or the "conscious competence" learning model, relates to the psychological states involved in the process of progressing from incompetence to competence in a skill. People may have several skills, some unrelated to each other, and each skill will typically be at one of the stages at a given time.

  5. Natural approach - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_Approach

    This states that there is a strict separation between conscious learning of language and subconscious acquisition of language, and that only acquisition can lead to fluent language use. [10] The monitor hypothesis. This states that language knowledge that is consciously learned can only be used to monitor output, not to generate new language ...

  6. Language learning strategies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_learning_strategies

    Language learning strategies is a term referring to the actions that are consciously deployed by language learners to help them learn or use a language more effectively. [1] [2] They have also been defined as "thoughts and actions, consciously chosen and operationalized by language learners, to assist them in carrying out a multiplicity of tasks from the very outset of learning to the most ...

  7. Metalinguistic awareness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalinguistic_awareness

    The process of learning to read depends heavily on analysed knowledge on the functions and features of reading, [4] control over the knowledge required [5] and control over the formal aspects of the language to extract its meaning. [6] Various research has exhibited that weaknesses in any one of these aspects reflects poorer literacy.

  8. Statistical learning in language acquisition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_learning_in...

    Statistical learning is the ability for humans and other animals to extract statistical regularities from the world around them to learn about the environment. Although statistical learning is now thought to be a generalized learning mechanism, the phenomenon was first identified in human infant language acquisition.

  9. Critical period hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_period_hypothesis

    The theory has often been extended to a critical period for second-language acquisition (SLA). David Singleton states that in learning a second language, "younger = better in the long run", but points out that there are many exceptions, noting that five percent of adult bilinguals master a second language even though they begin learning it when they are well into adulthood—long after any ...