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Animal Farm is a satirical allegorical novella, in the form of a beast fable, [1] by George Orwell, first published in England on 17 August 1945. [2] [3] It tells the story of a group of anthropomorphic farm animals who rebel against their human farmer, hoping to create a society where the animals can be equal, free, and happy.
Early collection used lifelike mounts like this red-footed falcon. The roots of modern bird collections are found in the 18th- and 19th-century explorations of Europeans intent on documenting global plant and animal diversity. [1] It was a fashion to collect and display natural curiosities in Victorian England.
Bird ringing is the term used in the UK and in some other parts of Europe, while the term bird banding is more often used in the U.S. and Australia. [49] bird strike The impact of a bird or birds with an airplane in flight. [50] body down The layer of small, fluffy down feathers that lie underneath the outer contour feathers on a bird's body. [51]
In total there are about 11,000 species of birds described as of 2024 [1], though one estimate of the real number places it at almost 20,000. [2] The order passerines (perching birds) alone accounts for well over 5,000 species.
A significant portion of the audiovisual content available in Birds of the World is collected through citizen science data collection as provided by eBird, [3] but content is also included from the Macaulay Library, as it was gathered in the Internet Bird Collection by Josep del Hoyo, the initial founder of Lynx Edicions, and his colleagues in ...
Birds' diets are varied and often include nectar, fruit, plants, seeds, carrion, and various small animals, including other birds. [79] The digestive system of birds is unique, with a crop for storage and a gizzard that contains swallowed stones for grinding food to compensate for the lack of teeth. [ 149 ]
The use of bird skins to document species has been a standard part of systematic ornithology. Bird skins are prepared by retaining the key bones of the wings, legs, and skull along with the skin and feathers. In the past, they were treated with arsenic to prevent fungal and insect (mostly dermestid) attack.
[7] [8] Lack based his analysis on the large collection of museum specimens collected by the 1905–06 Galápagos expedition of the California Academy of Sciences, to whom Lack dedicated his 1947 book. The birds vary in size from 10 to 20 cm (4 to 8 in) and weigh between 8 and 38 grams (0.3 and 1.3 oz).