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In the psychology of motivation, balance theory is a theory of attitude change, proposed by Fritz Heider. [1] [2] It conceptualizes the cognitive consistency motive as a drive toward psychological balance. The consistency motive is the urge to maintain one's values and beliefs over time.
Heider's conception of psychological balance has been used in theoretical models measuring cognitive dissonance. [99] According to balance theory, there are three interacting elements: (1) the self (P), (2) another person (O), and (3) an element (X). These are each positioned at one vertex of a triangle and share two relations: [100]
The Chitling Test (originally named the Dove Counterbalance General Intelligence Test) was created by Adrian Dove, ...
Structural balance theory posits that some types of triads are forbidden and others are permitted on the basis of four rules. [4]Using the term “friend” to designate a positive sentiment and the term “enemy” to designate a negative sentiment, the classic balance model defines a sentiment network as balanced if it contains no violations of four assumptions:
Fritz Heider (19 February 1896 – 2 January 1988) [1] was an Austrian psychologist whose work was related to the Gestalt school. In 1958 he published The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations, which expanded upon his creations of balance theory and attribution theory.
Balance heuristic: Applies to when an individual balances the negative and positive effects from a decision which makes the choice obvious. [44] It is a mental shortcut that helps individuals achieve peace and harmony in their lives while simultaneously attempting to avoid the potential risks or consequences of a decision. [45]
Psychology professor Finn Tschudi's ABC model of psychotherapy uses a structure similar to a decisional balance sheet: A is a row that defines the problem; B is a row that lists schemas (tacit assumptions) about the advantages and disadvantages of resolving the problem; and C is a row that lists schemas about the advantages and disadvantages of ...
A 2007 study examined the relationship between body sway and cognitive function and their relationship during multitasking and found disturbances in balance led to a decrease in performance on the cognitive task. [34] Conversely, an increasing demand for balance can increase cognitive load. [citation needed]