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The Treatment and Research Advancements National Association for Personality Disorders (TARA-APD) campaigned unsuccessfully to change the name and designation of BPD in DSM-5, published in May 2013, in which the name "borderline personality disorder" remains unchanged and it is not considered a trauma- and stressor-related disorder.
The trauma model of mental disorders, or trauma model of psychopathology, emphasises the effects of physical, sexual and psychological trauma as key causal factors in the development of psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety [1] as well as psychosis, [2] whether the trauma is experienced in childhood or adulthood.
Misdiagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) can occur due to symptom overlap with other mental health conditions and the high rate of comorbidity in personality disorders. [2] Research has shown that having a personality disorder like BPD is a significant vulnerability factor for comorbidity with other mental health conditions.
301.7 Personality disorder with predominantly sociopathic or asocial manifestation (Include: amoral personality, asocial personality, antisocial personality) 301.8 Other personality disorders (Include: personality: eccentric, "haltlose" type ; personality: immature, passive–aggressive , psychoneurotic)
Risk factors for mental illness include psychological trauma, adverse childhood experiences, genetic predisposition, and personality traits. [7] [8] Correlations between mental disorders and substance use are also found to have a two way relationship, in that substance use can lead to the development of mental disorders and having mental disorders can lead to substance use/abuse.
Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD, cPTSD, or hyphenated C-PTSD) is a stress-related mental and behavioral disorder generally occurring in response to complex traumas [1] (i.e., commonly prolonged or repetitive exposures to a series of traumatic events, from which one sees little or no chance to escape).
Donny could also be trauma bonding with Martha, which occurs when a victim feels "increasingly worthless and ashamed due to the abuser’s actions" and "becomes dependent on their abuser to ...
High betrayal traumas have been implicated in the development of traits indicative of borderline personality disorder. [28] This is likely due to the parents of a child with BPD also frequently having personality disorders themselves, which has a neurodevelopmental effect, through their genetics, as well as an environmental impact on the child.