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On the other hand, up to 25% of patients who undergo TIPS will experience transient post-operative hepatic encephalopathy caused by increased porto-systemic passage of nitrogen from the gut. [ 5 ] A less common, but more serious complication, is hepatic ischemia causing acute liver failure.
Supportive therapy for complications of cirrhosis include diuretics, albumin, vitamin K, blood products, antibiotics and nutritional therapy. Other patients may require surgery or a transplant. Transplant is required when the liver fails and there is no other alternative. [4]
Cirrhosis, also known as liver cirrhosis or hepatic cirrhosis, chronic liver failure or chronic hepatic failure and end-stage liver disease, is an acute condition of the liver in which the normal functioning tissue, or parenchyma, is replaced with scar tissue and regenerative nodules as a result of chronic liver disease.
Patient education is a planned interactive learning process designed to support and enable expert patients [1] to manage their life with a disease and/or optimise their health and well-being. [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
Hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) or veno-occlusive disease with immunodeficiency is a potentially life-threatening condition in which some of the small veins in the liver are obstructed.
Similarly to the updated HRS-AKI, functional kidney injury in patients with cirrhosis that does not meet the criteria for HRS-AKI is termed HRS-NAKI. It can be divided into two groups, HRS-AKD, defined by eGFR <60ml/min/1.72 for less than 3 months, and HRS-CKD, defined by eGFR <60ml/min/1.72 for more than 3 months.
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), previously known as primary biliary cirrhosis, is an autoimmune disease of the liver. [1] [2] [3] It results from a slow, progressive destruction of the small bile ducts of the liver, causing bile and other toxins to build up in the liver, a condition called cholestasis.
Some patients may need a liver transplant; an artificial liver can be used for a short period of time (about two weeks or so) as a bridge to a transplant, or until the liver recovers. [ citation needed ]