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Three types of Ge antigen negativity are known: Ge-1,-2,-3, Ge-2,-3 and Ge-2,+3. persons with the relatively rare phenotype Ge-1,-2,-3, are less susceptible (~60% of the control rate) to invasion by P. falciparum. Such individuals have a subtype of a condition called hereditary elliptocytosis, characterized by oval or elliptical shape erythrocytes.
Race and health refers to how being identified with a specific race influences health. Race is a complex concept that has changed across chronological eras and depends on both self-identification and social recognition. [1] In the study of race and health, scientists organize people in racial categories depending on different factors such as ...
The eradication of infectious diseases is the reduction of the prevalence of an infectious disease in the global host population to zero. [1] Two infectious diseases have successfully been eradicated: smallpox in humans, and rinderpest in ruminants. There are four ongoing programs, targeting the human diseases poliomyelitis (polio), yaws ...
Innate resistance to HIV. A small proportion of humans show partial or apparently complete innate resistance to HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. [1] The main mechanism is a mutation of the gene encoding CCR5, which acts as a co-receptor for HIV. It is estimated that the proportion of people with some form of resistance to HIV is under 10%.
Young people with polio receiving physiotherapy in the 1950s. The social history of viruses describes the influence of viruses and viral infections on human history. Epidemics caused by viruses began when human behaviour changed during the Neolithic period, around 12,000 years ago, when humans developed more densely populated agricultural communities.
Zoonosis. A zoonosis (/ zoʊˈɒnəsɪs, ˌzoʊəˈnoʊsɪs / ⓘ; [1] plural zoonoses) or zoonotic disease is an infectious disease of humans caused by a pathogen (an infectious agent, such as a bacterium, virus, parasite, or prion) that can jump from a non-human (usually a vertebrate) to a human and vice versa. [1][2][3] Major modern diseases ...
An estimated 757,000 Americans have died from COVID-19. ... Katz told Yahoo Finance Live that immunity from natural COVID-19 infection “ought to count too. Those vaccinations should be freed up ...
Cholera outbreaks were more devastating primarily because indigenous communities had little forms of water filtration and lacked immunity to water-borne diseases. [94] Due to a lack of immunity to water-borne disease, Native Americans suffered from higher mortality rates [95] Lack of immunity and exposure to bodies of water contaminated by ...