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Both substance use and alcohol can cause both long-term and short-term memory loss, resulting in blackouts. The most commonly used group of prescription drugs which can produce amnesia are benzodiazepines, especially if combined with alcohol, however, in limited quantities, triazolam (Halcion) is not associated with amnesia or memory impairment ...
In neurology, retrograde amnesia (RA) is the inability to access memories or information from before an injury or disease occurred. [1] RA differs from a similar condition called anterograde amnesia (AA), which is the inability to form new memories following injury or disease onset. [ 2 ]
Among specific causes of amnesia are the following: Electroconvulsive therapy in which seizures are electrically induced in patients for therapeutic effect can have acute effects including both retrograde and anterograde amnesia. [23] Alcohol can both cause blackouts [24] and have deleterious effects on memory formation. [25]
Retrograde amnesia is typically patchy, and may affect the hours, days, months or even occasionally years prior to the TGA episode and is often subtle. Memory of things that happened in the more ...
Aside from chemical components which may cause a predisposition to alcohol dependence and blackouts, expectations of alcohol use may predispose drinkers toward alcoholism and blackouts. In a study of 123 college students significant correlations were found between students' alcohol expectancies, level of alcohol use, and blackout history.
The most prominent symptom of post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) is a loss of memory of the present time. [10] As a result, patients are often unaware of their condition and may behave as if they are going about their regular lives. This can cause complications if patients are confined to a hospital and may lead to agitation, distress and anxiety. [10]
The neurological cause of psychogenic amnesia is controversial. [5] [7] Even in cases of organic amnesia, where there is lesion or structural damage to the brain, caution must still be taken in defining causation, as only damage to areas of the brain crucial to memory processing is possible to result in memory impairment. [7]
Benzodiazepines require special precautions if used in the elderly, during pregnancy, in children, in alcoholics, or in other drug-dependent individuals and individuals with comorbid psychiatric disorders. [18] Triazolam belongs to the Pregnancy Category X of the FDA. [19] [1] It is known to have the potential to cause birth defects.