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Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH, PVA, or PVAl) is a water-soluble synthetic polymer. It has the idealized formula [CH 2 CH(OH)] n . It is used in papermaking , textile warp sizing , as a thickener and emulsion stabilizer in polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive formulations, in a variety of coatings, and 3D printing .
This article lists veterinary pharmaceutical drugs alphabetically by name. Many veterinary drugs have more than one name and, therefore, the same drug may be listed more than once. Abbreviations are used in the list as follows: INN = International Nonproprietary Name; BAN = British Approved Name; USAN = United States Adopted Name
Any part of the plant may induce side effects, but the bulb is the most toxic. At higher amounts, the toxin can cause gastrointestinal problems or a drop in blood pressure. Tulips come in a variety of colors. Tulip. Any part of the tulip [25] can be poisonous but the bulb is the most toxic causing irritation in the mouth and throat. Signs of ...
Polyethylene glycol–polyvinyl alcohol (PEG-PVA) brand name Kollicoat IR is a multifunctional excipient [1] used as a pill binder as well as a wet binder. A typical formulation is composed of 25% polyethylene glycol (PEG) and 75% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); where the vinyl alcohol moieties are grafted on a polyethylene glycol backbone.
Polyvinyl acetate is also the raw material to make other polymers like: Polyvinyl alcohol −[HOCHCH 2 ]−: Polyvinyl acetate is partially or completely hydrolysed to give polyvinyl alcohol. This reversible saponification and esterification reaction was a strong hint for Hermann Staudinger in the formulation of his theory of macromolecules .
Vinyl polymers are subject of several structural variations, which greatly expands the range of polymers and their applications. With the exception of polyethylene, vinyl polymers can arise from head-to-tail linking of monomers, head-to-head combined with tail-to-tail, or a mixture of those two patterns. Additionally the substituted carbon center in such polymers is stereogenic (a "chiral center")
Vinyl acetate is the acetate ester of vinyl alcohol. Since vinyl alcohol is highly unstable (with respect to acetaldehyde), the preparation of vinyl acetate is more complex than the synthesis of other acetate esters. The major industrial route involves the reaction of ethylene and acetic acid with oxygen in the presence of a palladium catalyst. [6]
Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) or –(CH 2 CHF) n – is a polymer material mainly used in the flammability-lowering coatings of airplane interiors and photovoltaic module backsheets. [2] It is also used in raincoats and metal sheeting.