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Hill's cipher machine, from figure 4 of the patent. In classical cryptography, the Hill cipher is a polygraphic substitution cipher based on linear algebra.Invented by Lester S. Hill in 1929, it was the first polygraphic cipher in which it was practical (though barely) to operate on more than three symbols at once.
Cryptography in an Algebraic Alphabet (1929) [4] Lester S. Hill (1891–1961) was an American mathematician and educator who was interested in applications of mathematics to communications . He received a bachelor's degree (1911) and a master's degree (1913) from Columbia College and a Ph.D. from Yale University (1926).
HC-256 is a stream cipher designed to provide bulk encryption in software at high speeds while permitting strong confidence in its security. [1] A 128-bit variant was submitted as an eSTREAM cipher candidate and has been selected as one of the four final contestants in the software profile. [2] [3]
A well-known example of a substitution cipher is the Caesar cipher. To encrypt a message with the Caesar cipher, each letter of message is replaced by the letter three positions later in the alphabet. Hence, A is replaced by D, B by E, C by F, etc. Finally, X, Y and Z are replaced by A, B and C respectively.
For example, encryption using an oversimplified three-round cipher can be written as = ((())), where C is the ciphertext and P is the plaintext. Typically, rounds R 1 , R 2 , . . . {\displaystyle R_{1},R_{2},...} are implemented using the same function, parameterized by the round constant and, for block ciphers , the round key from the key ...
In cryptography, unicity distance is the length of an original ciphertext needed to break the cipher by reducing the number of possible spurious keys to zero in a brute force attack. That is, after trying every possible key , there should be just one decipherment that makes sense, i.e. expected amount of ciphertext needed to determine the key ...
Detroit Lions wide receiver Jameson Williams has been fined $19,697 by the NFL for "Unsportsmanlike Conduct (obscene gestures)" for his dive into the end zone last week against the Jacksonville ...
In cryptography, integral cryptanalysis is a cryptanalytic attack that is particularly applicable to block ciphers based on substitution–permutation networks.It was originally designed by Lars Knudsen as a dedicated attack against Square, so it is commonly known as the Square attack.