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Wind turbines also generate noise, and at a residential distance of 300 metres (980 ft) this may be around 45 dB; however, at a distance of 1.5 km (1 mi), most wind turbines become inaudible. [ 175 ] [ 176 ] Loud or persistent noise increases stress which could then lead to diseases. [ 177 ]
Modern wind turbines produce significantly less noise than older designs. Turbine designers work to minimise noise, as noise reflects lost energy and output. Noise levels at nearby residences may be managed through the siting of turbines, the approvals process for wind farms, and operational management of the wind farm. [25]
Wind turbine parts other than the rotor blades (including the rotor hub, gearbox, frame, and tower) are largely made of steel. Smaller turbines (as well as megawatt-scale Enercon turbines) have begun using aluminum alloys for these components to make turbines lighter and more efficient.
A pair of 2006 studies of offshore wind turbines in Germany and Denmark found the noise involved in wind energy development — including seismic testing, construction and the spinning of rotor ...
The negative economic impacts increases as wind turbines get closer to homes. The value of a house can drop by up to 8 per cent when a turbine is built less than a mile (2km) away.
Wind turbines also generate noise. At a distance of 300 metres (980 ft) this may be around 45 dB, which is slightly louder than a refrigerator. At 1.5 km (1 mi) distance they become inaudible. [86] [87] There are anecdotal reports of negative health effects on people who live very close to wind turbines. [88]
A wind farm is a group of wind turbines in the same location. A large wind farm may consist of several hundred individual wind turbines distributed over an extended area. The land between the turbines may be used for agricultural or other purposes. A wind farm may also be located offshore.
Wind turbines are capital intensive, and are usually purchased before they are being erected and commissioned. Some of these standards provide technical conditions verifiable by an independent, third party , and as such are necessary in order to make business agreements so wind turbines can be financed and erected.