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Erythema nodosum (EN) is an inflammatory condition characterized by inflammation of subcutaneous fat tissue, resulting in painful red/blue lumps or nodules that are usually seen symmetrically on both shins, on the thighs, arms, and elsewhere. [1]
Brachioradial pruritus (sometimes abbreviated BRP) is an intense itching sensation of the arm usually between the wrist and elbow of either or both arms. [1]: 36 The itch can be so intense that affected individuals will scratch their own skin to a bleeding condition.
Most bruises occur close enough to the epidermis such that the bleeding causes a visible discoloration. The bruise then remains visible until the blood is either absorbed by tissues or cleared by immune system action. Bruises which do not blanch under pressure can involve capillaries at the level of skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, or bone ...
Bacterium-related cutaneous conditions often have distinct morphologic characteristics that may be an indication of a generalized systemic process or simply an isolated superficial infection. [69] [70] Aeromonas infection; African tick bite fever; American tick bite fever (Rickettsia parkeri infection) Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection
Bruising, particularly purpura in the forearms and petechiae in the feet, legs, and mucous membranes, may be caused by spontaneous bleeding under the skin. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Eliciting a full medical history is vital to ensure the low platelet count is not secondary to another disorder.
It can be caused by infection, massage, electrical treatment, acne medication, allergies, exercise, solar radiation (), photosensitization, [3] acute radiation syndrome, mercury toxicity, blister agents, [4] niacin administration, [5] or waxing and tweezing of the hairs—any of which can cause the affected capillaries to dilate, resulting in redness.
In medicine, a sign is an objective piece of data that can be measured or observed, as in a high body temperature (fever), a rash, or a bruise. [6] A symptom, by contrast, is the subjective experience that may signify a disease, illness or injury, such as pain, dizziness, or fatigue. [7]
X chromosome. The factor IX gene is located on the X chromosome (Xq27.1-q27.2). It is an X-linked recessive trait, which explains why males are affected in greater numbers. [9] [10] A change in the F9 gene, which makes blood clotting factor IX (9), causes haemophilia B. [11]