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In the 1990s, refugees from the Yugoslav Wars sought asylum in Europe in large numbers. [97] In the 2010s, millions fled to Europe from wars in Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq. More than 34,000 migrants and refugees have died trying to get to Europe since 1993, most often due to capsizing while trying to cross the Mediterranean and Aegean Seas. [98]
Additionally, U.S. Law draws an important distinction between refugees and asylees. A refugee must meet the definition of a refugee, as outlined in the 1951 Convention and be of "special humanitarian concern to the United States." [5] Refugee status can only be obtained from outside the United States. If an individual who meets the definition ...
In the 1890s, the influx of Eastern European Jewish refugees to London coupled with the rise of anarchism in the city led to a confluence of threat-perception and fear of the refugee out-group. [139] Populist rhetoric then too propelled debate over migration control and protecting national security .
Prior to the 1951 convention, the League of Nations' Convention relating to the International Status of Refugees, of 28 October 1933, dealt with administrative measures such as the issuance of Nansen certificates, refoulement, legal questions, labour conditions, industrial accidents, welfare and relief, education, fiscal regime and exemption from reciprocity, and provided for the creation of ...
The asylum seeker may be simultaneously recognized as a refugee [4] and given refugee status if their circumstances fall into the definition of refugee according to the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees [4] or regionally applicable refugee laws—such as the European Convention on Human Rights, if within the European Union.
But inflation, housing shortages and strained services have fueled frustration at migrant and refugee populations in many European countries, and the unrest has manifested itself at the ballot box ...
Rescued male migrants are brought to southern Italian ports, 28 June 2015. Immigration to Europe has a long history, but increased substantially after World War II. Western European countries, especially, saw high growth in immigration post 1945, and many European nations today (particularly those of the EU-15) have sizeable immigrant populations, both of European and non-European origin.
While figures specifically for refugees are often not available, they tend to be disproportionately unemployed compared to the local population, especially in the years immediately following their resettlement. OECD data comparing employment rates of local-born compared to foreign-born residents demonstrated large differences between countries.