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2-dimensional section of Reeb foliation 3-dimensional model of Reeb foliation. In mathematics (differential geometry), a foliation is an equivalence relation on an n-manifold, the equivalence classes being connected, injectively immersed submanifolds, all of the same dimension p, modeled on the decomposition of the real coordinate space R n into the cosets x + R p of the standardly embedded ...
A p-dimensional, class C r foliation of an n-dimensional manifold M is a decomposition of M into a union of disjoint connected submanifolds {L α} α∈A, called the leaves of the foliation, with the following property: Every point in M has a neighborhood U and a system of local, class C r coordinates x=(x 1, ⋅⋅⋅, x n) : U→R n such that ...
In mathematics, the Reeb foliation is a particular foliation of the 3-sphere, introduced by the French mathematician Georges Reeb (1920–1993). It is based on dividing the sphere into two solid tori , along a 2- torus : see Clifford torus .
Hyperbolic geometry is the most rich and least understood of the eight geometries in dimension 3 (for example, for all other geometries it is not hard to give an explicit enumeration of the finite-volume manifolds with this geometry, while this is far from being the case for hyperbolic manifolds).
In other words, every point admits a foliation chart, i.e. the distribution is tangent to the leaves of a foliation. Moreover, this local characterisation coincides with the definition of integrability for a G {\displaystyle G} -structures , when G {\displaystyle G} is the group of real invertible upper-triangular block matrices (with ( n × n ...
A Morse foliation F on a manifold M is a singular transversely oriented codimension one foliation of class with isolated singularities such that: each singularity of F is of Morse type, each singular leaf L contains a unique singularity p ; in addition, if ind p = 1 {\displaystyle \operatorname {ind} p=1} then L ∖ p {\displaystyle L ...
The leaf is a torus T 2 bounding a solid torus with the Reeb foliation. The theorem was proved by Sergei Novikov in 1964. Earlier, Charles Ehresmann had conjectured that every smooth codimension-one foliation on S 3 had a compact leaf, which was known to be true for all known examples; in particular, the Reeb foliation has a compact leaf that ...
In mathematics, a 3-manifold is a topological space that locally looks like a three-dimensional Euclidean space. A 3-manifold can be thought of as a possible shape of the universe. Just as a sphere looks like a plane (a tangent plane) to a small and close enough observer, all 3-manifolds look like our universe does to a small enough observer ...