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A numeric character reference in HTML refers to a character by its Universal Character Set/Unicode code point, and uses the format &#nnnn; or &#xhhhh; where nnnn is the code point in decimal form, and hhhh is the code point in hexadecimal form. The x must be lowercase in XML documents.
In SGML, HTML and XML documents, the logical constructs known as character data and attribute values consist of sequences of characters, in which each character can manifest directly (representing itself), or can be represented by a series of characters called a character reference, of which there are two types: a numeric character reference and a character entity reference.
The zero-width space can be used to mark word breaks in languages without visible space between words, such as Thai, Myanmar, Khmer, and Japanese. [1] In justified text, the rendering engine may add inter-character spacing, also known as letter spacing, between letters separated by a zero-width space, unlike around fixed-width spaces. [1]
The zero-width space character has a higher breaking priority than the hyphen character (-), so when using it in a phrase with hyphen, it is recommended to place a zero-width space immediately after each hyphen as well. There are two ways to use this template: With no arguments, i.e. {{zwsp}}, this produces a single zero-width space character
A second common application of non-breaking spaces is in plain text file formats such as SGML, HTML, TeX and LaTeX, whose rendering engines are programmed to treat sequences of whitespace characters (space, newline, tab, form feed, etc.) as if they were a single character (but this behavior can be overridden).
Spacing examples. The top row is unspaced, the middle row has a thin space between the words, and the bottom has a regular space. In typography, a thin space is a space character whose width is usually 1 ⁄ 5 or 1 ⁄ 6 of an em. It is used to add a narrow space, such as between nested quotation marks or to separate glyphs that
Width of various Unicode space characters. A space character typically inserts horizontal space that is about as wide as a letter. For a monospaced font the width is the width of a letter, and for a variable-width font the width is font-specific. Some fonts support multiple space characters that have different widths.
Web pages authored using HyperText Markup Language may contain multilingual text represented with the Unicode universal character set.Key to the relationship between Unicode and HTML is the relationship between the "document character set", which defines the set of characters that may be present in an HTML document and assigns numbers to them, and the "external character encoding", or "charset ...