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  2. Atomic orbital - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_orbital

    Electron atomic and molecular orbitals. The chart of orbitals (left) is arranged by increasing energy (see Madelung rule). Atomic orbits are functions of three variables (two angles, and the distance r from the nucleus). These images are faithful to the angular component of the orbital, but not entirely representative of the orbital as a whole.

  3. List of character tables for chemically important 3D point groups

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_character_tables...

    This lists the character tables for the more common molecular point groups used in the study of molecular symmetry.These tables are based on the group-theoretical treatment of the symmetry operations present in common molecules, and are useful in molecular spectroscopy and quantum chemistry.

  4. Electron configuration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_configuration

    Electron atomic and molecular orbitals A Bohr diagram of lithium. In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals. [1]

  5. List of chemistry mnemonics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemistry_mnemonics

    The order of sequence of atomic orbitals (according to Madelung rule or Klechkowski rule) can be remembered by the following. [2] Order in which orbitals are arranged by increasing energy according to the Madelung rule. Each diagonal red arrow corresponds to a different value of n + l.

  6. Molecular orbital diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_orbital_diagram

    The sign of the phase itself does not have physical meaning except when mixing orbitals to form molecular orbitals. Two same-sign orbitals have a constructive overlap forming a molecular orbital with the bulk of the electron density located between the two nuclei. This MO is called the bonding orbital and its energy is lower than that of the ...

  7. Electron pair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_pair

    They can form a chemical bond between two atoms, or they can occur as a lone pair of valence electrons. They also fill the core levels of an atom. Because the spins are paired, the magnetic moment of the electrons cancel one another, and the pair's contribution to magnetic properties is generally diamagnetic .

  8. Molecular orbital - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_orbital

    Molecular orbitals are of three types: bonding orbitals which have an energy lower than the energy of the atomic orbitals which formed them, and thus promote the chemical bonds which hold the molecule together; antibonding orbitals which have an energy higher than the energy of their constituent atomic orbitals, and so oppose the bonding of the ...

  9. Complete active space - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete_active_space

    In quantum chemistry, a complete active space is a type of classification of molecular orbitals. Spatial orbitals are classified as belonging to three classes: core, always hold two electrons; active, partially occupied orbitals; virtual, always hold zero electrons